Homework 11/12/2018

4 Page 83: 

1.    Instead  
2.  In fact
3. For example 
4. Alternatively
5. As a result

5 Page 84: 

 a. It - Barcelona

b. It - Barcelona
c. Its - Barrio Gótico
d. Its - Barcelona
e. They - People in Barcelona (citizens)
f. There - Barcelona
g. This - All the points mentioned

6 Page 85:

• Transition- in particular, in addition, another important, after that, as a result, today.

• Pronoun reference- these, that, it.

• Repetition of keywords- first sign language, sign language, deaf people, signs, French Sign Language, American Sign Language, teach, teaching, communicate, communicating, Gallaudet. 

7 Page 86:

Ho Chi Minh City, in Vietnam, is a fascinating destination for travelers to Southeast Asia. Concretely, it is located on the Mekong River. In fact, it was once an important trading center for the French in Southeast Asia. As a consequence, the influence of French culture can still be felt. In addition, many people, especially the older generations, learned French in school and still can speak it very well. For example, some cafés serve French-style bread and pastries in its streets. Similarly, expensive hotels and restaurants serve French food too. On the other hand, many of the buildings in the city are built in French style. Some time ago the Vietnamese and the French fought, and the last ones eventually left the country. Precisely, there are museums and monuments documenting the country’s long –and often bloody –history. So, if you are looking for a unique city to visit the Southeast Asia, Ho Chi Minh City is an attractive choice.

Homework 29/11/2018

Writing Academic English, 4th edition:


Paragraph 1 Page 62:

Order: 5, 2, 3, 4,  6, 1,

Type of introduction: Funnel.

Paragraph 2 Page 62:

Order: 2, 9, 10, 3, 4, 1, 8, 5, 6, 7.

Type of introduction: Interesting Story.

Paragraph 3 Page 63:

Order: 2, 4, 3, 5, 1

Type of introduction: Surprising details and facts.


2 Page 72:

a. Weak. In my opinion, it seems too short and it would be better with more interesting information that could attract the reader.

b. Strong.

c. Weak. There is no thesis statement.

d. Weak. In this case, this introduction paragraph is too long and adds more information than needed.

e. Weak. This one is also too short. I can't see the correlation between some of the sentences.


3 Page 74:

a. personal experience.
b. facts
c. interesting details and facts.


PRACTICE CLASS:

5 Page 74: (Exercise 1 Page 57)

a. The sentence that addresses the reader is: Who knows what the "cool" words of tomorrow will be?

b. The one that paraphrases the thesis is: "Existing ethnic groups in the US as new immigrants..."

6 Page 75:

a. 3 ; b. 1 ; c. 5 ; d. 2 ; e. 6 ; f. 4.

Now, using "a.3", we are going to write our own Introduction and Conclusion paragraphs.

Introduction: (I followed a personal experience as technique)

A week ago was the first time that I actually had gone to a supermarket and had bought food on my own.  What I found surprising was the number of things I could buy with 50$ compared to local markets near, where I only can find big brands and high prices. Indeed, supermarkets are the best places to buy food because of their convenience and lower prices.

Conclusion: (I re-stated the thesis and also addressed the reader).

The fact that larger supermarkets offer cheap prices and a large selection of products makes them the best place for shoppers. After having seen all of this, would you rather spend less money in a supermarket that may be a bit far away or spend more in a local store near-by?

7 Page 76: (Analyzing what is wrong with a & c, and what is right in b)

a. The information included in this conclusion doesn't relate with the essay (exercise 3, page 58). While the essay talks about the regions and their different foods and dishes, this conclusion is about health problems in the UK.

b. This one is correct because the conclusion is connected to the essay's topic.

c. In this case, this conclusion is wrong because adds new information and being a concluding paragraph, is better not to do that.

Homework 15/11/2018

CONNECTING THESIS:

a.       a.

• The first region we can find is the biggest one in the UK, England, and has been influenced by a lot of cultures that settled there.

• The second region, Scotland is very popular because of the legend of Loch Ness Monster, which has attracted thousands of visitors who were curious about the truth of it.
  

• Thirdly, another region, Northern Ireland, famous for its St Patrick's Day and 12th July's parades.

• Finally, the last region, Wales, known for its rich gastronomy, which everyone who tries it, loves its many flavors and variety of food, for example, Speckled bread.

b.

• The first problem is the growth of population

•  A second problem, deforestation, is one of the main issues in the decrease of koalas because we are destroying their habitat and, as a consequence, they do not have where to live.

• The third most important problem is hunting because we are literally killing their species to fulfil our own wants and caprices.

6, Page 61:

 a.

      I think that exercise is one of the sources of having a healthy life.

    I think that doing exercise makes you develop multiple beneficial hormones for you.

    I think that exercising increases in many ways your self-esteem.

 b.

                 I think that the Internet can be a very useful tool for those who know how to use it.

          I think that the Internet can sometimes be a dangerous weapon if we use it for wrong purposes.

Homework 6/11/2018

Today we practiced with Problem & Solution paragraphs


5 Page 52:

a. If you don't use a map when you drive, you could get lost.
b. Students will do badly in their exams if they don't get enough sleep.
c. If you want to lose weight, exercise three times a week and don't eat junk food.
d. If you fly there, it will be faster than taking the train.
e. Many arguments can be avoided if you think before you speak.
f. I will go to that film if I find someone to go with me.

6 Page 52:

a. If it rains this weekend, I won't go shopping.
b. If the library isn't open tomorrow, I won't be able to buy the new best-seller.
c. If petrol prices increase even more, it will be hard to pay for gas.
d. If you are not asleep, I'll call you tonight.
e. If you create a company, you can make a lot of money.
f. If I don't have enough money, I won't go on holiday.

Text: Page 51. Find connectors of Problem & Solution paragraphs.

• One solution is...
• One answer...
• A second answer is...
• A final answer is...

10 Page 53:

a. We must reduce exam stress for secondary school students:

- One solution is trying to make studying an interesting activity, not only learning by heart all the content.
- A second answer could be not letting a whole trimester mark depend on one single exam.
- A final answer is encouraging students to study without putting pressure on them because that only makes them demotivated.

b. Teenagers spend so much time using their mobile phones that they are no longer skilled at face-to-face interaction:

- One answer is not pushing them to face this problem because that can be traumatic if they have social anxiety disorder.
- Another solution could be trying to encourage them to participate in social situations little by little.
- A final solution is making them do activities which require social interactions ans which also can make them see that there is more world outside mobiles.

c. In the next five to ten years, experts predict that there won't be enough doctors and nurses to meet hospitals' needs:

- One thing we can do is decreasing medicine's degree prices because if they decrease, a lot of people whose dream is to become a doctor or nurse, will achieve it.
- A second answer is not showing these majors as the most complicated because that makes people think they can't do it.
- A final answer is giving the chance to people (at least in Spain) whose EBAU mark wasn't high enough to join the degree because having a lower mark doesn't mean they are not smart enough to pass the major, they maybe had a bad day.

d. We need to find ways to protect young children from wiolence on television:

- A first solution can be warning before explicit content so parents or children themselves can swap the channel or avoid watching it.
- Another answer is not promoting violence on movies or series that kids can easily access to as well as gameplays, because it doesn't work censoring it on television and letting them play war games or violent ones.
- A final solution is teaching parents in order not to hand their children gadgets which they can access to violence related things with.

11 Page 54:

- Borrow money from my friends: Weak
- Sell some of my things: Weak
- Ask my parents for money: Okay
- Go busking with my guitar: Weak
- Get a part-time job: Strong
- Drop out of university and get a full-time job: Weak
- Buy lottery tickets: Weak
- Ride my bike to university instead of using public transport: Strong
- Ask my lecturers for money: Weak
- Buy fewer CDs and new clothes: Strong

PROBLEM PARAGRAPH: (Written by me)

Everyday, more cases of rape appear on the news and, the more we say society is evolving, the more it is proved that it is not true. Today I have read an article on the digital newspaper about a little girl being raped by a male nurse and other four men in the ICU. It is not only alarming the fact that the girl was four years old, but also that it happened in a hospital, a space where people should feel safe of those problems. Also, how destroyed society is that these issues keep getting worse? Is there any solution or is the world already lost?

SOLUTION PARAGRAPH: (Written by a classmate)

Even though it may seem impossible, this horrible problem can have multiple solutions. In order to overcome this issue, we should educate young generations, so that they learn this shameful act should never be done. If we want to stop the rapers, another solution would be to have more police protection in public spaces or dangerous places. Furthermore, my opinion is that education is the clue due to the fact that little girls are asked to have caution against rapers, instead of teaching people not to rape. If we do this, society will finally develop.

Poems 25/10/2018

Today, in the practice lesson, we worked with poems of comparison.


Topic: "A howling wind or a gentle breeze, a rainstorm or blizzard".


"Outside & Inside"

Why would be the clouds crying tonight
When the sky seems like a funfair.
Thunders impact the ground like iron knives,
And illuminate the skyline of bright and fair.

Through the windows of my room,
I can see the pain coming from outside,
And within my heart I feel the sorrow bloom,
There are also gloomy clouds inside.

I like when it rains because the tears camouflage,
And people walking on the wet streets mind their own.
In the silence of my mind I can let flow the rage
Because the others will never find that I am blown.

It is dimal to watch through the window how it cries outside,
While I try to hide and ignore the real storm inside.





Please write your own and personal poem. It has to start with: Shall I compare you to a...? (Sonnet 18 of William Shakespeare)


"Honey, ambar spheres and chrome oxide"
 
Shall I compare you to a starry night?
Constellations are formed connecting moles on your back,
Though the only one that you cannot form is gemini, your sign
And when you look at me through your lashes it gives me a heart attack.

Your blonde hair reminds me of shooting stars,
And your smile resembles the crescent moon
While your plump lips are carmine like Mars
The sound of your laugh saying your face is shaped like a balloon.

What about your eyes? Oh, your eyes.
Honey, ambar spheres and chrome oxide.
Always reflecting your wisdom and your lies.
And what about my heart? Oh, my heart when I'm by your side.

Because skyscrapers envy and try to reach your light,
And like a dome I treasure and protect you and your natural bright.

 

Homework 25/10/2018

Today we worked with Comparison & Contrast paragraphs too, and we also worked with Block & Point-by-point methods. Furthermore, we started reviewing Advantages & Disadvantages paragragraphs.


Example: (Block Method)


- Topic Sentence: First one.

• Topic: Mr. Jones & Mr. Smith.
• Controlling idea: Students are aware of the difference in the lecturing manner of each of them.

- It is a contrast paragraph using the Block Method.

- Transition signals: also, on the other hand, different, (not) as ___ as, thus, as the above points illustrate...

Example: (Point-by-point Method)


- Topic Sentence: First one.

• Topic: Mr. Jones & Mr. Smith.
• Controlling idea: Students are aware of the difference in the lecturing manner of each of them.

- Contrast paragraph using the Point-by-point Method.

- Transition signals: however, also, whereas, as compared to, on the other hand, different.

10 Page 48:

- Topic Sentence.

• Topic: Studying abroad & Studying in your country.
• Controlling idea: Definite benefits for students.

- Block Method used to show the advantages of both items.

- Transition signals: too, another good reason, on the other hand, also, finally.

- This paragraph only shows the positive viewpoints of the topic.

REARRANGE THE PARAGRAPH (POINT-BY-POINT):


Studying abroad and studying in your own country both have definite benefits for a student. On the one hand, living in another country can be an exciting experience because everything seems new and different while, on the other hand, living in your own country is cheaper and everything is familiar. Secondly, when you live abroad, learning another language is a perfect chance because you can read magazines or newspapers, and watch television programmes. Differently, when you live in your own country you don't need to worry about being taught in a foreign language. Another good reason to live abroad is to learn more about another culture whereas when you live in your own country, you already understand the culture and the expectations of teachers. Finally, the challenge of living in a new environment can give you courage and self-confidence to make friends who are also native-speakers, while if you stay in your own country, you can be close to your family and friends. So, if you are thinking about where to study, consider all of these benefits and make a decision that is right for you.

Homework 23/10/2018

Today we started reviewing in class the Comparison & Contrast paragraph:


Example: (Comparison paragraph)

-Topic Sentence: First one.

• Topic: My hometown & my college town.
• Controlling idea: They have several things in common.

-It is a comparison paragraph because the writer talks about similarities of Gridlock and Lexington.

-Transition Signals: First, both, similarly, a second way in which the two towns are similar is..., in the same way, likewise.

-Supporting Sentences:

1.  They are both small. (It also adds an example as a supporting idea).
2. They are rural towns.
3. Both contain college campuses.

3 Page 42:


a. ...similar to...
b. Likewise...
c.  Both... and...
d. ...as modern as...

Example: (Contrast paragraph)

- Topic Sentence: First one.

• Topic: Arizona & Rhode Island.
• Controlling idea: They are both strikingly different in many ways.

- It is a contrast paragraph beause the writer shows the differences between both states.

- Transition Signals: different in many ways, whereas, another difference, but, also differ in, however, while.

- Supporting Sentences:

1. Different physical size. (Plus example as a supporting idea).
2. Size of population.
3. Natural environments.

4 Page 43:


a. Some tourists enjoy going on organized tours, though/ while/ but many other tourists prefer travelling on their own.
b. The two books are very different from each other.
c. However/ In contrast/ On the other hand, in many other countries, the cost is much lower.
d. Changes in technology are occurring more ... than in the past.

2 Page 41:


a. Differences between living in a shared flat in a hall or with a host family.
b. Mostly contrasting because the writer uses more contrast ideas and also adds transition signals of contrast such as: but, on the other hand, another difference is that, however, etc.

- Topic Sentence: Second one of the second paragraph.

- Suppoting Sentences:

1. Timetable.
2. Cooking.
3. Sharing the kitchen.

Example: (Block Method)

 - Topic Sentence:

• Topic: Books & Films
• Controlling idea: Differences between them.

- Supporting Sentences:

1. First block idea: Reading books.
2. Second block idea: Watching films.

Example: (Point-by-point Method)

- Topic Sentence:

•  Topic: Marylin Monroe & Princess Diana
• Controlling idea: Different lives, but also similarities.

6 Page 45:


a. The first one mostly contrasts and the second one mostly compares.
b. Paragraph 1: (Block Method)

• Topic A: 

1. Long descriptions for the readers to create pictures on their minds (use of imagination).
2. Detailed conversations of the characters and feelings.

• Topic B:

1. You do not need to use your imagination.
2. The conversations are spoken out loud and their feelings come through their faces.

    Paragraph 2: (Point-by-point Method)

- 1st point: difficult childhood.

• A1: (Marylin Monroe) living in orphanages.
• B1: (Princess Diana) mother left family.

- 2nd point: married famous men.

• A2: married a famous baseball player and a famous writer.
• B2: married Prince Charles.

- 3rd point: popularity.

• A3: She was well-liked because of her innocence.
• B3: She was called 'The people's Princess'.

- 4th point: psychological problems.

• A4: She went through serious depression and had to go to hospitals for treatment.
• B4: She suffered from eating problems and depression.

- 5th point: early age deaths.

• A5: 36 years old and died in 1962.
• B5: Also 36 years old and died in 1997.

1 Page 40:


- People:

• Comparison: Napoleon & Hitler.
• Contrast: Difference between old generations and young generations.

- Places:

• Comparison: Spain & Italy.
• Contrast: Rural and urban parts of famous cities (for example: Seoul).

- Things:

• Comparison: Clothes iron & Hair iron.
• Contrast: Forks & Spoons.

5 Page 44:


- Comparison:

1. They are both made in Germany.
2. They are both black.
3. Both of them have four wheels.
4. The two of them are for sale.

- Contrast:

1. One of them is bigger than the other one.
2. The big one costs 1,000 pounds and the small one costs 100,000 pounds.
3. The small one (150 MPH) is faster than the big one (50 MPH)
4. The big one has 4 seats while the small one has only 2 seats.

Homework 18/10/2018

These are the exercises that our professor sent us to do at home:

2 page 26:

Adjectives: popular, beautiful, white, amazed, tree-lined, fast, loud, roaring, cool, unforgettable.

3 page 26:

Prepositions: to, from, on, as soon as, in, on, of, with, that, into, as, in, to, at in, from, at, on, at, from, with, of, in.

4 page 27:

1.  My apartment's living room is very bright because the sun always comes through the balcony.
2. The living room is quite spacious with a yellow couch, a wood table with four chairs, an armchair and a little tea table.  
3. Also, there is white furniture with a small TV on that we don't use.
4. There are two white lamps hanging from the ceiling which iluminate at night.
5. On the walls, which are white and pink, there are two big pictures, one of Paris and the other one of New York.
6. Finally, in a corner there are a few pink things that belong to my cat, such as a little bed for her and her feeder.

5 page 27:

Personality: bad-tempered, introvert, extrovert, shy, awkward, moody,...

Physical characteristics: slim, curvy, wavy-haired, straight-haired, curly-haired,...


6 page 28:

Adjectives: strong, kind, not very big, tiny, very thin, happy and patient.


9 page 29:

a. TS: Brown rice and vegetables is a simple and delicious meal to make. CS: Now you are ready to enjoy your delicious brown rice and vegetables!

b.

1. Cook the rice.
2. Cut the vegetables into one-inch pieces.
3. Heat the oil, chilli sauce, and garlic in a frying pan.
4. Add the vegetables and fry them until they are soft, but still a little bit crunchy.
5. Stir in the cooked riced.
6. Add salt and pepper to your own taste.
7. Put the rice and vegetables into a large bowl and serve it with freshly chopped tomatoes and spring onions on top.

c. They are connected by transition signals: first, then, next, after that, now, after and finally.


10 page 30:

Transition words: also, further, now, afterwards.


11 page 30:

a. First; b. when; c. Once; d. Then; e. While; f. next; g. Finally. 


12 page 31: 

1. g. First, choose a common English grammar point you would like to use in your research. Ask your teacher for a suggetion if you need help choosing one.
2.  a. Next, make a written test that checks the grammar point you are researching. This could be a fill-in-the-blanks test, a correct-the-errors test, or another style. It should have at least ten questions, but it should not be too long.
3. e. Third, find about ten intermediate-level English learners who will agree to take your test. Arrange a time to give the test to each learner.
4. b. After giving the written test, interview each learner individually for about ten minutes. Try to make the interviews informal and friendly. Be sure to ask questions that will encourage learners to use the grammar point you are researching. Record the interviews. (Ask for learners' permission first!)
5. d. Next, read the tests and listen to the recordings. Make a note of how many times your chosen grammar point was used, and how many times it was used incorrectly. Do this for both the written test and the recorded conversation. 
6. c. After you have counted the errors, calculate the score as a pecentage. Do this for the written test and the spoken interview.
7. f. Finally, prepare two graphs to compare your results. Did learners make more mistakes on the written test or while they were speaking?

Homework 16/10/2018

Unit 6. Opinion paragraphs:

1 page 33:

a. More people should ride bicycles into town.

b. To convince the reader and raise awareness.

c. More people should ride bicycles into town; car traffic in town is terrible, parking places are hard to find, and pollution from cars is a real problem; cyclingis good exercise too!; The city must not allow this problem to get worse; instead, people should ride bicycles to work and school (...)

d. To make their viewpoint stronger.

2 page 34:

a. Both; b. Opinions; c. Facts; d. Facts; e. Facts; f. Both; g. Both; h. Both.

3 page 34:

Opinions: personal blog, politician speech,...

Facts: essays, reports,...

4 page 34:

a. Opinion; b. Opinion; c. Fact; d. Fact; e. Opinion; f. Fact; g. Opinion; h. Opinion.

5 page 34: 

1. Taxes in Spain have increased this last year (fact).
2. Suzy was born in South Korea (fact).
3. Bats are the only mammals who can fly (fact).
4. I didn't like that movie, it was too boring (opinion).
5. Classical music is the best music genre (opinion).
6. Things in this world are getting worse (opinion).

8 page 35:

a. should; b. can't; c. must; d. could; e. should; f. ought to

9 page 36: (Since I was sitting alone, I didn't have a partner to compare our opinions c: )

1. Smoking must be banned in all restaurant: Agree, because as an asthmatic person, I am not comfortable eating next to smoking people.

2. University students should not have part-time jobs: Disagree because sometimes, students have to pay their own bills and food, and they need a job to live.

3. Everyone should recycle to save the planet: Agree, if we don't recycle, we won't be able to keep living on the earth and I hope we don't try to live in another planet and also pollute it.

4. Abortion should be illegal: Disagree, women must have the right to decide over their own bodies.

5. Religion mustn't be a subject at schools: Agree, we should stop being indoctrinated. Everyone has the right to belive in what they want outside schools, but I don't see the point in a public school to indoctrinate children and teenagers. 

Homework 9/10/2018

Descriptive paragraph:

Today we worked with 5 examples of how to write a good descriptive paragraph. 

https://www.thoughtco.com/model-descriptive-paragraphs-1690573

A friendly clown:

The pattern it follows is of importance because it describes the head, then the body and finally the unicycle. In the CS we get a positive feeling of the writer describing the element.

The Blond Guitar:

The writer here gets in a way it makes the reader understand. It starts with a TS and then SSs to describe the guitar. It's easily to feel the affection that the writer has for the object.

Gregory the cat:

Here we see something very clear: personification. The writer describes the cat focusing on his habits and acts instead of the physical part.

• It's important before writing to know what we're talking about and also why and what is our opinion about it.

Peer Editing: 04/10/2018

In this practice class, we had to make groups of two people and exchange our writings in order to peer edit them. I had to peer edit my partner's and my partner had to peer edit mine.

This is my partner's writing: 

"Cellphone manners" (María Teresa Ortuño López, B1).

At first, all of us should be polite when somebody is talking to. In a conversation, it isn't correct to chat someone with the cellphone, while a person is trying to speak with us. 
Secondly, if we are in a place that requires silence, we have to put the phone in silence to respect the other people around us. 
At last, when we walk in the streets, we must to pay attention to avoid running into someone.

When I peer edited this text, I suggested some things:

• I think the paragraph enumerates well the different aspects of it, it's a good job!
• In my opinion the paragraph should have both a Topic Sentence and a Concluding Sentence to organize better the information and not to give the sensation of missing something.
• There are four supporting sentences that empower the topic correctly.
• It's really good that the writer uses transition signals to support the SSs. They are also well-placed at the beginning of each sentence. Examples: At first, secondly and at last.
• The writing technique that it's used is examplification, which is good because you can make the readers understand better the concept of the paragraph.
• It is used clear and simple sentences. However, I would prefer longer or more explained sentences.
• I can't find any errors in the structure of the paragraph, the information is organized.
• Finally, the writer tries not to be repetitibe and that is amazing.

Homework 04/10/2018

Today's class was about peer and self editing. Here we have some exercises about peer editing:

11 Page 23:

a. Can you make this topic sentence stronger?
b. Did you remember a concluding sentence?
c. Please explain more about your holiday. Where did you stay? What did you do during the day?
d. I'm not sure what this part means.
e. I think this sentence should come before the next one.
f. I think these two sentences are really saying the same thing.
g. Your paragraph is about your brother, but this sentence is about your sister. Are you sure it's relevant?
h. I like your topic sentence because it has a strong main idea. Your example is funny. I wish I could meet your brother!

• All this sentences try to give an honest opinion and suggestions to the writer without sounding rude or upset. This kind of suggestions encourage the writer to keep improving.

14 Page 24:

a. True: Details can give more specific information than the TS.
b. True: An explanation tells the reader what something is or how it works.
c. False: An example is usually a short, personal story.
d. True: The CS uses the same words or similar as the TS.
e. False: The CS should never finish the paragraph with a new idea.
f. False: A peer editor shouldn't mark any spelling and grammar mistakes.
g. True: A peer editor should give some positive comments.
h. True: Peer editing helps both the writer and the reader.
i. False: If a peer editor can't understand what you wrote, maybe there's something wrong described.
j. True: A peer editor should be able to identify your TS, main idea and CS easily.

Homework 02/10/2018

In today's class we had to do an exercise about providing Concluding Sentences:

1. Those are a few examples of what a good conversationalist should do to keep a conversation alive and make the others feel listened.

• Method used (SSs): Enumeration.
• Method used (CS): Formal marker dependent from the sentence and not followed by a comma. It sums up the contents of the paragraph.

2. Indeed, they are creating more problems than workers can handle.

• Method used (SSs): Examplification.
• Method used (CS): Formal marker independent from the sentence and followed by a comma. It paraphrases the topic sentence.

Homework 27/09/2018

 These are the exercises that we had to do at home for thursday 27th September 2018 about the process of writing:

Exercises:

1 page 5:  

a. Festivals; music festival; types of music festivals; rock music festival; Viña Rock; Extremoduro Concert inside the festival.

c. My country; culture; gastronomy; Mediterranean diet; Benefits for health.

d. Dancing; types of dancing; tango; best tangos (in my opinion); "El tango de Roxanne".

2 page 6:

b. things to do at the beach:

1. play volley-ball
2. play ping-pong
3. swimming in the sea
4. get tan
5. have a party
6. celebrate a wedding
7. eat at a restaurant
8. walk along the seashore
9. enjoy the views
10. navigate a ship
11. surfing
12. ride an aquabike 
13. build sand castles
14. have something fresh like an ice-cream

3 page 6:

e. cars:

1. types of cars
2. cars' mechanism
3. how to drive a car
4. frist car built
5. race cars
6. brands of cars
7. drive licence
8. traffic signals
9. traffic lights 
10. penalty fee
11. passengers 
12. age to drive in each country

4 page 7:

a. festivals: summer festivals, traditional funfairs, "Tomorrowland", "Viña Rock", "Juergas", "Arenal Sound", "Coca Cola Music Experience", EDM music festival, Reggaeton music festival , Rock music festival, concerts, having fun with your friends, camping, dancing and singing, famous artists...

5 page 8:

7  page 9:


1. narrow; 2. broad; 3. brainstorm; 4. list; 5. mapping; 6. relevant; 7. freewriting; 8. fluency; 9. accuracy.

8 page 10:


Listing:

• Pros: you can write short sentences, it is very organized and you have key words about the topic.
• Cons: sometimes it is difficult to see the correlation between some ideas.

Freewriting:

• Pros: Ideas come quickly and easily. Also, you can edit it after to erase the ideas that are not related.
• Cons: It can be quite messy and not organized. Finding correlation is hard too.

Mapping:

• Pros: Every idea is easy to find since the map is really organized. You can see the relationship between ideas clearly.
• Cons: You may find it difficult because is more elaborated than the other techniques.

Homework 25/09/2018

Today in class, we started reviewing examples of gathering ideas in the process of writing. We learnt a few techniques of the collection of ideas such as: brainstorming, freewriting, clustering, asking questions and cubing.

-We started with the technique of Brainstorming, which consists in writing everything that comes to our minds related to the given topic in a list. Then, we classify the different ideas in little groups based on their similarity.

Topic: Culture shock (I did it based on Korea)

1. Gastronomy.
2. Educational system.
3. Social relationships.
4. Manners.
5. Language.
6. People's personalities.
7. Respect based on age and job.
8. Curious things they do.
9. Jet lag.
10. Weather.
11. Views.
12. Different schedules (time to go to work, to school, etc.)
13. Traditional coins and money.
14. Using "honorifics".

Little groups:

• Culture: gastronomy, educational system, language, traditional coins and money, manners, using of "honorifics".
• Landscape: weather, views.
• People: social relationships, people's personalities, respect based on age and job, curious things they do, different schedules.
• Others: jet lag.

- Then, we continued with the technique of freewriting, which consists in writing everything that comes to our minds in a draft way. It's very important to do it non-stop.

Topic: Problems in class.

Bad communication, arguments between classmates, arriving late, talking or shouting in the middle of class, murmurs that can upset other people, opinion differences, coldness because of air conditioner, not being able to see clearly the blackboard or the projection due to lighting problems, distracting thins such as people entering the class later, sometimes we can't hear the teacher properly, heat without air conditioner (i would like a middle term between cold and heat).



-The next technique we reviewed was clustering and it consists in a main idea from which they derive different ideas like the branches of a tree. Some of these ideas may or may not be related.

Topic: New technologies.

 
 

-The following technique of gathering ideas is asking questions. Here we have the Big Six types of questions to ask and answer ourselves: What? When? Who? Where? Why? How?

Topic: Short stories.

1. When did short stories start to be written? The first examples of short stories began in XVII-XVIII centuries.

2. Who was or were the most famous writers? Hans Christian Andersen , Charles Dickens, Charles Perrault and the Brothers Grimm.

3. Why are there happy endings in most famous short stories? To make readers feel relieved that even through hard times, everything ends up well.

4. Why do people, especially children, like this kind of stories? Because they are short and they don't have complex plots.

5. Who are the main characters in short stories? Normally, princesses, poor and miserable people, fantastic animals, children (orphans), etc.

6. How are normally short stories developed? Short stories almost always have a small introduction, a body and an end.

7. Where do short stories happen? The characters normally live in forests, kingdoms, castles, small towns...

8. What were the first short stories? "The poisoner of montremos" and "Somnambulism" of Richard Cumberland and Charles Brockden Brown, respectively.



-The last technique we studied was cubing, which consisted in describing, comparing, associating, analyzing, applying and arguing about the main topic.

Topic: Cinema.

• Describing: Cinemas are establishments where people can go and they can watch a movie. Movies are videos between 1 hour 30 minutes and 2 hour long.
• Comparing: Cinema and literature, for example, both focus on telling a story from the beginning to the end. Thanks to cinema we can have a plot represented physically.
• Associating: One of the best movies I have ever watched is Inception and the first movie I watched in a cinema was "The Lion King".
• Analyzing: Cinema has a lot of different genres but they are all related because of their similar structure, which is . Introduction- Body- Conclusion.
• Applying: Cinemacan be used to concern people about different topics such as pollution, racism, violence, war, sexism, social minorities, etc.
• Arguing: The pros of cinema are that movies can help people with problems, they can spread positive messages too and they are artistic, audio-visual works. The cons of this topic are that wrong messages can also be spread and some movies don't have a positive purpose.

Homework 20/09/2018

Process of writing:

Today's class was about narrowing in broad topics and considering more specific fields in the process of writing. To practice it, we did an exercise in pairs which consisted in having the title of a topic and  narrowing through different stages to get a specific topic. We had to make sure the topic appealed to us and that it fitted the idea of the assignment.

Topics:

Travelling- Continents you can travel to- Countries to go within that continent- Cities to visit there- Cultural tourism- Gastronomy.

Technology- Electronic devices- Computers- Free softwares- Operative systems- Linux.

Parties- Music festivals- EDM (music genre) festival- "Tomorrowland"- "The Cave" (Concert within the festival).

Feminism- Types of feminism- Radical feminism- Gender Inequality- Labor sphere- Glass Roof.

Anime- Anime genres- Fantasy films- Studio Ghibli- Spirited Away- Film Review.

Great authors- Latinoamerican authors- Rubén Darío- Azul (1888)- El velo de la reina Mab- Social criticism.

Vampires- Films about vampires- Twilight saga- Breaking Dawn Part 2- The Cullens- Alice's role in the film.

Chinese Food- Types of chinese food- Traditional dishes- Noodles- Lamian- Lamian recipe.

Fashion- Autumn 2018- Trends this season- Clothing Fabrics- Tartan style.

Sports- Ball sports- Ball sports played in yard- Soccer- Champions League- Winner team special plays.

Exotic pets- Exotic animals in danger of extinction- Illegal trafficking- Monkey trade- Pygmy chimpanzee.

Social Justice- War refugees- Refugees' rights- Refugees' right to public health in western countries.

Multiculturalism-Types of cultures within Spain- Gypsies- Customs and traditions- The rite of the handkerchief- How does it affect this rite to gypsy women.

Psychology- Great psychologists- Sigmund Freud- Psychosexual development- 5 stages of psychosexual development- The Latent period.

Dancing- Ballet- Ballet's origin- Italian Renaissance- Catherine de' Medici- Le Paradis d'Amour.

Reflections and thoughts- Philosophy- Political philosophy- Great thinkers- Friedrich Nietzsche- Theory of eternal return.

Short stories- Hans Christian Andersen- The Ugly Duckling- Social criticism.

Novels- Epic fantasy- Great fantasy authors- George R.R. Martin- A song of ice and fire series-  A Dance with dragons (book)- Thyrion Lannister's development as a character.

Cinema-Stanley Kubrick- Filmography- Lolita- Social controversy towards the film.

TV Series- Police crime drama- Criminal minds- Main characters- Spencer Reid Ph.D.

The Victorian Era- Society and culture- Arts and literature- Gothic fiction- Oscar Wilde- The Picture of Dorian Gray- Main theme of the book- Aestheticism.

Cute things- Kinds of cute things- Plushies- Teddy Bears- Its origin.

Steampunk- Steampunk's movement- Literature- Steampunk settings within literatura- Alternative worlds- The Edge Chronicles- The Cade Trilogy- The Nameless one- Steampunk importance in the novel.

Bikes- History of the bicycle- 20th Century- China- The Flying pigeon- Economic importance in China.

Chess- World Chess Championship- World Champions- Emanuel Lasker- Notable games- Lasker-Bauer combination.

Life on campus- College residences- Coexistence in the residency- Rules & Regulations- Having pets- Pros and cons.

Adolescence- Puberty- Physical changes in cis females- Menstruation- Why is menstruation a taboo subject?

Harry Potter- Film adaptations- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix- Reception- Critical response.

Comedy- History- Western history of comedy- 20th century film and television- Mime comedy- Marcel Marceau- World recognition.

Horror- Horror fiction- Japanese horror fiction- Hideo Nakata- Notable films- Ring- Influence on Western cinema.

Mystery- Mystery fiction- Authors- Agatha Christie- Murder on the Orient Express- References- The kidnapping and murder of Charles Lindbergh's son.

All kinds of music- Kpop music- BTS- Love Yourself Album series- Lyrics- Message.

50s music- Rock and Roll- Elvis Presley- Public image- Racial issues- His support to the African-american community during racial segregation.

Punk- Important groups- Green Day- Musical style and influences- U2's influence in 21st Century Breakdown Album.